Reparations and N’COBRA

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Reparation summit being held in St. Louis
From the St. Louis MO Chapter of the Malcolm X Grassroots Movement and N'COBRA, 12 February 1998. A 12 hour summit will confirm the establishment of Economic Development Commissioners and serve to provide a structured form to intensify our Demand for Reparations Now!!
A work of history puts a price on slave labor—and could be used to determine modern-day reparations
By Jack Beatty, Atlantic Monthly, 12 May 1999. A new book tracing the contributions of slave labor to one sector of the economy helps to concretize the reparations question. Who should pay for the exorbitant theft of labor to build the railroads?
America’s Debt to Blacks
By Randall Robinson, The Nation, 13 March 2000. Well before the birth of our country, Europe and the eventual United States perpetrated a heinous wrong against the peoples of Africa and sustained and benefited from the wrong through the continuing exploitation of Africa’s human and material resources.
A case for reparations
By Mumia Abu-Jamal, 5 August 2001. Today, over a century and a half after the issuance of Special Field Order No. 15, the words forty acres and a mule evokes bitterness in Black hearts, for it signals the loathsome betrayal of the Union Army and the U.S. government of a people held over 244 years in bondage. Here is the long-buried roots of the reparations movement, a movement bequeathed by ancient ancestors, who were denied justice.
An Idea Whose Time Has Come... Whites have an obligation to recognize slavery’s legacy
By Manning Marable, Newsweek, 27 August 2001. The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of structural racism: the deep patterns of socioeconomic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public discourse by both racist stereotypes and white indifference.