The retrospective history of the Horn of Africa as a whole
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The retrospecsive history in general
of the Horn of Africa as a whole
- The Prester John Legend
- Dialog on the Medieval History, MEDIEV-L, list, March
1996.
- Dialog on Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim (Gran)
and Queen Gudit
- On the NUAfrica forum, January-February, 1996. The
Muslim commercial empire of Adal reached its apogee under
King Ahmad ibn Ibrahim Gran (1507-1542), but was defeated
and Gran killed when Portugese musketeers joined
Ethiopia.